Figure: Tetrahydrofolate interconversion 1a (Mouse)¶
This figure illustrates the tetrahydrofolate interconversion pathway in mouse cells (NCBITaxon:10090), occurring specifically in the nucleus during S phase. The pathway features four key enzymes: Shmt1 and Shmt2 (serine hydroxymethyltransferases, blue), Tyms (thymidylate synthase, orange), and Dhfr (dihydrofolate reductase, green).
The pathway begins with Shmt1 and Shmt2 converting tetrahydrofolate (THF) to 5,10-methylene-THF. This is then utilized by Tyms along with dUMP to produce dTMP (for DNA synthesis) and dihydrofolate (DHF). Dhfr subsequently converts DHF back to THF, completing the cycle. This pathway is critical for de novo thymidylate synthesis and DNA replication during S phase.
All activities occur within the nucleus (GO:0005634), highlighting the importance of nuclear one-carbon metabolism during DNA replication. The arrows represent causal relationships (RO:0002413) between enzyme activities as documented in the original GO-CAM model.
Feedback from AI on figure:
{"feedback":"The diagram effectively illustrates the tetrahydrofolate interconversion pathway with clarity and scientific accuracy. The four key enzymes (Shmt1, Shmt2, Tyms, and Dhfr) are clearly labeled with their gene names and molecular functions, while the metabolites at the junction points show the transformation of folate compounds through the cycle. The nuclear localization is appropriately depicted, highlighting the importance of this compartmentalization for DNA synthesis during S phase. The color coding and comprehensive legend help distinguish between different enzyme types and pathway components, while the thicker directional arrows emphasize the causal relationships between activities. The inclusion of GO term IDs adds valuable reference information for researchers.","necessary_changes":null,"optional_changes":null}