Figure: Poxvirus-OPG038 inhibition of host CD80/CD86 (Human-Poxvirus)¶
This figure illustrates how the Poxvirus protein OPG038 (VACWR031) inhibits host T cell activation by sequestering the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. The diagram shows a professional antigen presenting cell (left) with CD80 and CD86 expressed on its plasma membrane, and a T cell (right) with CD28 on its plasma membrane.
Under normal circumstances, CD80 and CD86 on the antigen presenting cell interact with CD28 on the T cell (shown by dashed gray arrows), leading to T cell activation. However, the poxvirus protein OPG038, located in the extracellular space, binds to and sequesters CD80 and CD86 (shown by red bidirectional arrows), preventing their interaction with CD28. This inhibits T cell activation, contributing to negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity and is part of the symbiont-mediated suppression of host T-cell immune response.
The key biological processes shown in the diagram (yellow boxes) include T cell activation (which is inhibited), negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity, and symbiont-mediated suppression of host T-cell mediated immune response.
Feedback from AI on figure:
{"feedback":"This pathway diagram effectively illustrates the mechanism by which Poxvirus protein OPG038 inhibits host CD80/CD86 activation of T cells. The diagram clearly shows the spatial relationships between the professional antigen presenting cell, T cell, and the proteins involved in the interaction. The use of bidirectional red arrows effectively conveys the sequestering action of OPG038 on CD80/CD86, and the dashed gray arrows appropriately represent the inhibited normal pathway. The biological processes are clearly indicated in yellow boxes, helping to contextualize the molecular interactions within their broader functional roles. The inclusion of clearly labeled plasma membranes and the extracellular space provides important spatial context. The legend is comprehensive and explains the interactions depicted in the diagram, making it suitable for inclusion in a scientific journal.","necessary_changes":null,"optional_changes":null}