Figure: ARRDC4-mediated activation of MDA5 through K63-ubiquitination by TRIM65 (Human)¶
This figure illustrates the ARRDC4-mediated activation of MDA5 through K63-ubiquitination by TRIM65 in human cells as described in the GO-CAM model. The pathway begins with ARRDC4 in the cytoplasm, which acts as a ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor. ARRDC4 positively regulates TRIM65, which possesses ubiquitin protein ligase activity. TRIM65 mediates K63-linked ubiquitination (indicated by K63-Ub symbol) and activates MAVS, a signaling adaptor at the mitochondrial membrane. MAVS activation ultimately leads to the positive regulation of interferon-beta production, a key component of antiviral immune responses.
Feedback from AI on figure:
{"feedback":"This diagram effectively illustrates the ARRDC4-mediated activation pathway in a style suitable for publication in high-impact journals like Cell or Nature. The molecular interactions are clearly represented with appropriate shapes, colors, and directional arrows that guide the viewer through the process. The subcellular localization (cytoplasm and mitochondrial membrane) provides important spatial context, while functional annotations beneath each protein clarify their specific activities. The K63-ubiquitination mark is visually distinct and appropriately positioned to show the modification by TRIM65. The title, legend, and additional context about antiviral immune response provide comprehensive information without overcrowding the figure.","necessary_changes":null,"optional_changes":"Future iterations could consider adding numbered steps to further guide readers through the sequence of events, or including a small inset showing where this pathway fits within the broader context of cellular immune signaling."}