Figure: Coenzyme A biosynthetic process 1 (Mouse)ΒΆ
This figure illustrates the coenzyme A biosynthetic process in mouse cells based on GO-CAM model 645d887900000340.
The pathway begins with the import of pantothenate across the plasma membrane by the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter Slc5a6, which is activated by the PDZ domain-containing protein Pdzd11. Inside the cell, pantothenate is phosphorylated by pantothenate kinases in two different cellular locations: Pank1 in the cytosol and Pank2 in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
In the cytosol, 4'-phosphopantothenate is further processed by phosphopantothenate-cysteine ligase (Ppcs) to form 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine, which is then decarboxylated by phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (Ppcdc) to produce 4'-phosphopantetheine.
The final steps occur at the mitochondrial outer membrane, where the bifunctional enzyme Coasy (CoA synthase) catalyzes the last two reactions: first as pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase (PPAT) to form dephospho-CoA, followed by its dephospho-CoA kinase (DPCK) activity to generate the final CoA product.
Mitochondrial transporters Slc25a16 and Slc25a42 in the inner membrane facilitate movement of CoA-related intermediates between compartments. This coordinated process across multiple cellular compartments ensures the regulated synthesis of CoA, an essential cofactor in numerous metabolic pathways.
Feedback from AI on figure:
{"feedback":"The diagram effectively captures the coenzyme A biosynthetic process in mouse cells as described in the GO-CAM model. It accurately represents the subcellular compartmentalization with clearly defined plasma membrane, cytosol, and mitochondrial structures including outer membrane, intermembrane space, and inner membrane.\n\nThe pathway components are logically arranged and color-coded for easy identification. The sequential steps from pantothenate import through the final CoA synthesis are clearly depicted with appropriate directional arrows. Gene products are properly labeled with their respective mouse gene symbols (Pank1, Pank2, Ppcs, Ppcdc, Coasy, Slc5a6, Slc25a16, Slc25a42, and Pdzd11).\n\nThe diagram faithfully represents the GO-CAM data while using artistic license to show compartmentalization and pathway flow in a visually appealing manner suitable for publication in journals like Cell or Nature. The metabolite transitions are indicated, and the bifunctional nature of the Coasy enzyme is effectively illustrated with branching arrows. The comprehensive legend helps interpret the color coding and clarifies the biological significance of each component.","necessary_changes":null,"optional_changes":null}