Figure: Heme B biosynthetic process (Mouse)¶
The diagram illustrates the Heme B biosynthetic pathway in mice, depicting the sequence of enzymatic reactions across three cellular compartments: cytosol (light blue background), mitochondrial intermembrane space (light green), and mitochondrial matrix (darker green).
The pathway begins in the mitochondrial matrix with Alas1 (5-aminolevulinate synthase) converting glycine and succinyl-CoA to 5-aminolevulinate, which is transported to the cytosol. There, Alad (porphobilinogen synthase) converts two 5-aminolevulinate molecules to form porphobilinogen.
In the cytosol, four porphobilinogen molecules are combined by Hmbs (hydroxymethylbilane synthase) to form preuroporphyrinogen, which is then converted to uroporphyrinogen III by Uros (uroporphyrinogen-III synthase). Urod (uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase) then removes four carboxyl groups to produce coproporphyrinogen III.
Coproporphyrinogen III is transported to the mitochondrial intermembrane space, where Cpox (coproporphyrinogen oxidase) converts it to protoporphyrinogen. Ppox (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) then oxidizes this to form protoporphyrin.
In the mitochondrial matrix, Fech (ferrochelatase) inserts Fe²⁺ into protoporphyrin to produce ferroheme b (heme B). Finally, the mFLVCR1/isom2 protein functions as a transporter to distribute heme B within the cell.
The diagram shows all substrates, products, and key intermediates of each reaction. Colored boxes distinguish enzymes (pink) from transporters (blue), and dashed blue lines indicate transport processes.
Feedback from AI on figure:
{"feedback":"The final diagram effectively illustrates the Heme B biosynthetic pathway in mice with excellent clarity and scientific accuracy. The pathway flow is logical and easy to follow across the three clearly distinguished cellular compartments (cytosol, mitochondrial intermembrane space, and mitochondrial matrix). All text is properly sized and readable, with no overlapping elements.\n\nThe diagram successfully demonstrates:\n1. All enzymatic reactions with their correct substrates and products\n2. The spatial organization across cellular compartments\n3. Transport processes between compartments (highlighted with distinctive blue dashed lines)\n4. The complete pathway from initial substrates to the final heme B product\n\nThe color-coding system and comprehensive legend help viewers quickly understand the diagram components. The use of larger text for enzyme names and products makes the diagram suitable for journal publication, where readability at reduced sizes is important.","necessary_changes":null,"optional_changes":null}